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- WORLD, Page 40BANGLADESH"The Dictator Is Gone!"
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- Amid a ground swell of unrest, the President bows out
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- Soldier, politician and poet, Hussain Mohammad Ershad is a
- man who has taken pride in his sense of balance. For almost
- nine years he managed to maintain his footing in the
- notoriously slippery ground of Bangladesh politics. Last week,
- however, the President ran out of ground to stand on. Resigning
- in a dramatic late-night announcement, he touched off jubilant
- dancing in the streets by people who viewed his humiliation as
- poetic justice.
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- "Ershad is gone, Ershad is gone! Burn his throne!" screamed
- a flag-waving crowd in Dhaka as firecrackers exploded across
- the capital. "Catch the thief! Don't let him go!" chanted other
- marchers. But Ershad wasn't going anywhere. He even personally
- swore in his successor: Shahabuddin Ahmed, chief justice of the
- Supreme Court, whom opposition leaders had nominated as
- caretaker President. Said Ershad: "I want peace to return to
- society."
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- The movement to oust the ex-general began in early October.
- By late November, strikes and demonstrations had reached such
- fury that Ershad imposed a state of emergency, a stratagem he
- had used twice before since his seizure of power in 1982.
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- But the big stick failed to save him this time. Doctors,
- lawyers, civil servants and merchant seamen refused to work.
- Journalists and television actors walked off their jobs. Shops
- remained shuttered, and curfew-defying protesters took to the
- streets. Said opposition leader Begum Khaleda Zia: "The
- autocratic Ershad had to surrender to the people's will."
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- Both Khaleda and her partner in the movement's leadership,
- Sheik Hasina Wazed, now stand a good chance of ruling their
- desperately poor, densely populated Muslim homeland of 110
- million. Hasina, 43, is a daughter of Sheik Mujibur Rahman, the
- 19-year-old nation's founding father, while Khaleda, 46, is the
- widow of Ziaur Rahman, the South Asian country's military ruler
- from 1975 to 1981. Both leaders were assassinated in army
- revolts.
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- Ershad's exit boosted hopes for democratic succession in a
- country whose political history has been written in blood.
- Though he vowed to run for the presidency again, legislators
- in his own Jatiya Party were resigning last week and even
- military loyalists encouraged him to go. Scandals, a tyrant's
- image and a 50% rise in oil prices since the Persian Gulf
- crisis broke out sealed his doom. Said one movement leader:
- "From government officers to ricksha pullers, all were out in
- the street. It was phenomenal." It will also be phenomenal if
- democracy manages to heal a country that was born in a brutal
- secession from Pakistan in 1971 and has stumbled from coup to
- coup since.
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